ISTQB CTAL-TM Dumps (V8.02) – Effective Study Materials for Studying the ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Manager (CTAL-TM) Exam

1. Which of the following is a key characteristic of a management review? [1]

Used to assess project risks

Used to check consistency of and deviation from the system requirements

Run by a moderator

Conducted by an external group to assess process compliance

2. Which of the following is likely to occur if reviewers do not have an adequate level of technical knowledge? [1]

There will be no impact as long as they have sufficient business knowledge.

There will be no impact as long as they have sufficient process knowledge.

The review is likely to be less efficient.

The review will be shorter because any technical aspect can be skipped.

3. Which of the following metrics would be most beneficial to collect to determine the effectiveness of a review process? [2]

The number of defects found in production for each module that was reviewed

The development language used to create each module that was reviewed

The elapsed time between each module's review and its corresponding deployment into production

The business criticality of each module that was reviewed

4. What is the purpose of tracking efficiency metrics for a formal review? [1]

These metrics can be used to determine who participated in the review.

These metrics can be used to determine if the review was a good use of resources.

These metrics can be used to determine the quality of the reviewed object.

These metrics can be used to determine the speed with which defects were fixed.

5. You are a Test Manager on a new project. The software that is being created will be used to control the projectors in movie theaters. This is a time critical project because the software must be released before the Christmas holiday season which has the highest movie attendance of the year.

You have decided to implement a review process for the work products that are a part of this release to save both time and money. In order to expedite the training, you brought in a consultant to train the participants and moderators in proper review processes. Your team is enthusiastic about participating in the reviews.

Your manager is questioning the money you have spent on this training effort. He wants to know how you intend to justify the expense when you present your numbers at the annual budget meeting in February.

What would be a reasonable way for you to justify the cost of the training and the reviews when you present your information at the budget meeting? [3]

Compare the production defects from the previous project to the production defects from this project and explain the cost benefits due to the defect reduction in production.

Show the defects that were found in the review sessions and show the cost of quality regarding the perfect phase containment for those caught defects.

Explain that the reviews are a way of expanding the knowledge of your people and will motivate them to work harder and faster, thus saving money for the company.

Calculate the ROI using the difference between the cost of the reviews and the cost of dealing with defect escapes.

6. You are a Test Manager on a new project. The software that is being created will be used to control the projectors in movie theaters. This is a time critical project because the software must be released before the Christmas holiday season which has the highest movie attendance of the year. You have decided to implement a review process for the work products that are a part of this release to save both time and money. In order to expedite the training, you brought in a consultant to train the participants and moderators in proper review processes. Your team is enthusiastic about participating in the reviews.

The project is in the early planning stages. As the review leader, what is an appropriate activity for you to be doing at this point in the project? [3]

Selecting the review items and the appropriate review type

Gathering metrics to determine the success of the review process

Calculating the ROI for the review process

Setting a minimum number of defects to be identified in each review

7. You are the Test Manager on a new project. The schedule is aggressive and will require the team to

work at peak efficiency. The requirements are not well defined yet, but it is clear that the

project will be using new technologies. To help the developers meet the development schedule, an

offshore group will be added to the development team.

At this time there is not enough budget to add more testing resources. The project stakeholders are very concerned about the quality of delivered product and will be watching the project closely, particularly during the testing cycles. The exit criteria from the system test level require no open high priority/severity defects, 100% pass rate for all test cases covering risks that are classified as "high" or "very high", 90% pass rate for all "medium" risks and 50% pass rate for all "low" and "very low" risks.

Given this information, which lifecycle model should you recommend? [3]

Spiral

Iterative/incremental

V-model

Waterfall

8. When scheduling performance testing, which of the following approaches would be most advisable? [1]

Starting the performance testing during unit and integration testing

Deferring the start of performance testing until all functional defects have been resolved

Leveraging end users to do unit-level performance testing and automated tools for system-level performance testing

Requiring all performance tests to pass before starting functional testing

9. Which of the following are primary activities in conducting product risk analysis? [1]

Risk testing, risk management

Risk identification, risk assessment

Risk identification, risk testing

Risk management, risk assessment

10. Which of the following statements is true regarding Fault Tree Analysis? [1]

It is used to determine the root cause of observed and potential failures.

It is used to select the pairs of items to be used in pairwise testing.

It is a formal technique used to identify the likely effects of risks.

It is used to target defect-based testing.

11. You are managing a project that will be using a model-based testing strategy.

Which of the following is an activity that will be needed in order to implement this strategy? [1]

Conduct a quality risk analysis with all affected stakeholders.

Conduct operational profiling to determine the expected usage of the system.

Select an appropriate quality standard, such as ISO 9126, to be used to guide the testing.

Create the test charters for the exploratory testing sessions.

12. Which of the following is a factor that is likely to increase the test estimate? [1]

Use of a new technology

A requirement for high level test documentation

Assigned personnel who are experienced on working with similar projects in similar environments

Static test data

13. Which testing metric identifies defect density? [1]

Project

Product

Process

People

14. The test team is using a distributed model for testing.

What is the primary factor you should consider with this model? [1]

Alignment of methodologies

Co-location of test team

Provision of growth opportunities for the individual testers

Planned vs. actual hours

15. Test results are reported as "Requirements tested, passed, and failed".

What test strategy are you using? [1]

Model-based

Exploratory

Analytical

Reactive

16. Which of the following aspects should test progress metrics be mapped to? [1]

Lines of code

Exit criteria

Post-implementation defect discovery rate

Defect resolution rate

17. Your company just won a contract to create a new sales application and has committed to a very aggressive delivery timeline. Due to the quick turnaround your primary stakeholder wants to be heavily involved in the design and is very anxious to see the outcome. Because of this, your company has decided to use a spiral development approach. You have a defined test policy and typically use an analytical approach to testing, however, this approach will not work with the development approach.

What test strategy should be utilized? [3]

Model-based

Methodical

Standard-compliant

Reactive

18. Consider the following scenario:

Your customer is closely involved in the development project. Requirements are communicated verbally and rarely written down. An iterative development model is being followed and time boxing is used to stay on schedule.

Which of the following statements is true? [3]

A requirements traceability matrix will be created at the start of each iteration.

Your developers are using a waterfall methodology.

There is a risk that the system architecture may have to be changed during the development process.

Testing will start when all coding is completed.

19. Which of the following is a typical use of risk analysis? [1]

Identifying the appropriate depth of testing for each identified risk

Deciding what personnel should be assigned to which tests

Determining the design of the tests used to mitigate each identified risk

Forecasting the product delivery date

20. Your company is installing a third-party enterprise-wide business software package. This is the first time the company has done anything like this.

Which technique would be the best one to use to estimate the testing effort? [3]

Estimated developer effort and lines of code

Industry averages

Review of the installation guide

Past experience with in-house projects

21. You have done a comprehensive risk analysis. You have involved the appropriate people in assessing the risks and determining the likelihood and impact of those risks. You have been testing for three months and have been able to mitigate 75% of the high risk items. You have two weeks left in testing and you now do not expect to be able to complete all the items on the high-risk mitigation list, never mind any from the medium or low-risk lists.

What is the most effective action you should take? [3]

Use a random selection algorithm to pick tests from the high, medium, and low risk mitigation lists - thereby ensuring that each risk list has some mitigation.

Present your risk mitigation progress and project status to the project's stakeholders, and request additional time or assistance in re-prioritizing the remaining high-risk items.

Concentrate testing in areas that have already found numerous problems.

Retest the highest risk areas to ensure no regressions have occurred.

22. You are the Test Manager for a critical system and are using a risk-based approach for this project.

Which of the following would most clearly convey the current status to project stakeholders? [3]

A scatter chart showing test execution status

A Pareto graph showing requirements coverage

A pie chart showing residual risk

A bar graph showing defect density

23. You are the Test Manager of a risk-based testing effort. You develop the following graph to show residual risk. Assume that "Risks mitigated" represents passed tests and "Risks not mitigated" represents failed tests and other discovered failures.

Which of the following answers best represents what the graph shows? [3]

Project is behind schedule based on bug fix rate

Project is on schedule based on total number of test cases executed

Project is at risk due to the number of failed tests

Project is ahead of schedule due to number of risks addressed

24. Most managers in your company consider the efforts of your test team valuable, while others see comprehensive testing as an unnecessary cost overhead to the SDLC.

What action could the Test Manager take to quantify the value of testing to the organization? [3]

Develop metrics that illustrate planned and actual testing hours.

Review the Test Plan with the management team.

Determine the cost of external failures.

Demonstrate the role QA has in similar size organizations.

25. You have directed one of your testers to construct a "smoke test" to execute against new builds prior to starting formal testing. This is an example of which software development lifecycle activity? [1]

Project management

Software development and maintenance

Change and configuration management

Technical support

26. Your application development team is performing "test-driven" development.

This is a core principal of which software development model? [1]

Sequential

Iterative

Agile

Spiral

27. You have been promoted to Test Manager within your company. Your new manager states that your test team utilized a risk-based test approach for the last release but in production, a number of serious failures in lightly tested areas have occurred.

What would be your first action prior to the start of the next test phase for the next release? [3]

Ensure you have the correct stakeholders' participation during the risk assessment process

Review the test cases executed from the previous release.

Request functional requirements be prioritized in order of importance to the stakeholder.

Review the production defects and determine if they are valid.

28. When, at a minimum, should project risks be re-evaluated? [1]

Prior to test case creation

At major project milestones

During the creation of the test plan

At the beginning of the test execution phase

29. You are the Test Manager of a four-person test team working for a small distribution company with a single warehouse. Your team has been working with a third party development team on a new inventory management system. The company expects this system to generate approximately one million dollars per annum in profits for the company. Early in the project, various risks were identified, and steps taken to mitigate those risks.

For example, you sent your test team for training on the new system, and upgraded the test environment. There are still some lingering risks that have not been addressed, but they have been determined to have a low chance of occurring, with minimal impact if they do occur.

What would be the best option to mitigate these remaining risks? [3]

Note the risks, and ignore them for now.

Redo the project test plan to add additional testing for these risk items.

Contract with the Risk Protection Insurance company to assume these risks at a cost of $500,000 per annum.

Create a cross-functional team to work to reduce the impact and likelihood of these risks coming to fruition.

30. What is a "depth-first" risk-based testing technique? [1]

Highest risk test cases are executed first

All risk items are tested at least once

Lowest risk test cases are executed first

Non-functional test cases are executed first

31. Which of the following statements is true regarding documentation standards? [2]

Documentation standards are a lower priority than testing standards.

Documentation standards can vary depending on the test level.

Agile projects consistently use level test plans and documentation standards.

Documentation standards are determined by the Project Manager.

32. You are the Test Manager on a new project. The schedule is aggressive and will require the team to work at peak efficiency. The requirements are not well defined yet, but it is clear that the project will be using new technologies. To help the developers meet the development schedule, an offshore group will be added to the development team.

At this time there is not enough budget to add more testing resources. The project stakeholders are very concerned about the quality of the delivered product and will be watching the project closely, particularly during the testing cycles. The exit criteria from the system test level require no open high priority/severity defects, 100% pass rate for all test cases covering risks that are classified as "high" or "very high", 95% pass rate for all "medium" risks and 75% pass rate for all "low" and "very low" risks.

Given this information, which of the activities of the standard test process are the most critical for the Test Manager to perform? [3]

Requirements reviews

Test execution

Test monitoring and control

Project management, particularly regarding scheduling and budgeting

33. Which of the following is an advantage of specifying test conditions at a detailed level? [1]

Can be used to identify test coverage gaps

Saves time

Can be used to leverage use cases for acceptance testing

Improves maintainability and reduces ownership costs for the testware

34. Verify that the wipers respond with fast constant speed

Given this information, which of the following statements is correct? [2]

This test case is traceable to the test condition and provides 100% requirements coverage of the defined test condition.

There is not enough information in the test condition to define a test case.

This test case is not traceable to the test condition.

The test case is traceable to the test condition and provides 100% statement coverage of the defined test condition.

35. You are the Test Manager for a new product that is being developed according to an iterative lifecycle. At this point, you have 100% of your smoke tests automated, 20% of your functional tests and 50% of your regression tests. Your iterations are four weeks long. You are finding that with each iteration significant maintenance is required for your automated tests and you are not able to complete the testing within the planned timeframe. The test plan you created at the beginning of the project indicates that all automated tests should be run before any manual tests.

Which of the following is a reasonable change to this plan based on how the project is going? [2]

Continue to run all the automation first, performing whatever maintenance is needed and then transfer testing resources from manual testing to increase the automation coverage.

Run the manual tests first and maintain the automation as time allows.

Continue to run the automated smoke tests first, execute the automated regression test and new manual functional tests in parallel, and discontinue automating any new functional test cases.

Run the automated regression tests first then proceed with the manual and automated functional tests, discontinuing the automated smoke.

36. What is the primary use for the traceability information regarding the relationship between test results and test conditions during test execution? [2]

A. The Test Manager uses this information to control the test execution effort.

B. The development manager uses this information to determine how many developer resources to allocate to defect repair.

C. The project manager uses this information to determine if the project is on schedule.

D. The tester uses this information to determine which test should be run next.

37. During what step of the Fundamental Test Process should you define the methods to be used to collect test metrics? [1]

Analysis

Planning

Closure

Execution

38. You just handed over the Defect Accepted and Deferred report to your Maintenance team.

Which testing activity are you performing? [1]

Defect Design

Test Decommission

Test Exit Criteria

Test Closure

39. You are reviewing the project's traceability matrix after the first cycle of testing. You have discovered that new requirements have been introduced and others have changed.

What should you do? [2]

Assign the new requirements to a maintenance release, update the test documentation for the changed requirements.

Ask for more time and budget for testing.

Update the "lessons learned" document to avoid future issues similar to this.

Re-assess the test coverage.

40. While mining the defect database for patterns of problems in the last release, a Test Manager notices that many of the most damaging failures were caused by defects injected during the low-level design phase.

Which of the following actions will likely give this project the most effective solution to this problem? [3]

Increased static analysis during the implementation phase

Mandatory reviews of all important design work products

Formal inspections of the code modules affected by the last release

Increased white-box coverage during system testing

41. Which of the following should be considered the biggest risk to the schedule when trying to implement formal scripted test cases early in the SDLC for a system with a large GUI front end? [2]

Early implementation might uncover errors in the design documentation.

Test maintenance might be required due to changes in the presentation layer.

The testers will be working on analysis and design early in the schedule.

The developers may feel pressured not to change anything.

42. Your last project was released three months ago and used a risk-based approach. In production, a number of serious failures in low risk areas have occurred.

What is the most important lesson to be learned from this information? [2]

The "lessons learned" session should have been conducted prior to deployment.

A broader cross-functional team should contribute to the risk analysis.

The project manager should have set stakeholder expectations for serious failures.

Future projects should test the lower risk areas first.

43. Mary is an external IT auditor. She is conducting a review of the system-level testing done by Greg's functional testing team.

Which of the following items from Mary's assessment summary should concern Greg the most? [2]

All the Business requirements could be traced to Test Objectives. However there was no tracing from the Business Requirements to the project's test schedule.

Some of the Test Objectives could only be mapped back to a single Business Requirement.

A few of the Test Objectives did not have any Test Conditions assigned to them.

There were Test Conditions which didn't tie back to any Business Requirement.

44. Your testing team has just received the test conditions for a new project. You are conducting Test Design activities for this project. Your team feels that it would be beneficial to create high-level test cases.

What should they do concurrently with creating these test cases? [2]

Create the test plan.

Create the test automation scripts.

Create the test summary report for the test cases you are creating.

Create the traceability between the test cases and the requirements.

45. You have been carefully monitoring the progress of testing for your project. You have been using the established traceability to verify that the requirements and test conditions are being adequately addressed. The test team is proceeding well in their test case execution and you can see that you are achieving about 80% coverage of the test conditions per the traceability mapping in your test management system. You have seen a number of defects being logged against test conditions that are failing, but you do not see a mapping of the test cases to those conditions.

What is likely to be occurring in the testing area that is causing the traceability to break down? [2]

The test cases are mapped to the test strategy and are bypassing the test conditions.

The testers are running exploratory tests that are not mapped to the test conditions.

The testers are executing the wrong tests.

The testers are not updating the test execution information in the test management system.

46. Which classification information would be most useful to capture for newly identified defects? [2]

The priority that the business assigned to the project that the defect was found in

The system build that the defect was found in

The name of the configuration manager who built the system

The number of test steps in the test script that found the defect

47. Which technique will assist you in determining targeted improvement areas to reduce the number of

defects? [1]

Cost of quality analysis

Defect triage

Pareto analysis

Test coverage assessment

48. Your test team is in the process of completing final regression testing one week before the release date. One of your staff has just uncovered a critical defect that causes data corruption.

What should you do? [2]

Update the risks in your test plan to cover data corruption issues and update your test cases to be sure you test for this in the future

Write a high priority defect and follow the escalation communication plan as defined in your test plan

Write a high priority defect and call the business stakeholders to warn them about it

Update the weekly status charts and change the project status to red

49. You have written a defect report and have just been notified that it is in the "returned" state. Who should take action on this defect? [1]

The developer to whom the defect is assigned

The project manager who is responsible for the project

The defect triage team

The tester who wrote the defect report

50. Your Project Manager has challenged you to come up with a process improvement strategy using the IDEAL model.

Which step within the process defines the success criteria? [2]

Entrance

Analysis

Diagnosing

Initiation

ISTQB CTAL-TM Dumps (V8.02) – Effective Study Materials for Studying the ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Manager (CTAL-TM) Exam

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